Mental
Health Statistics
This report presents a first look at results from
the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health
(NSDUH), an annual survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized
population of the United States aged 12 years old
or older. The report presents national estimates
of rates of use, numbers of users, and other measures
related to illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco products.
Measures related to mental health problems also
are presented, including data on serious mental
illness, depression, and the co-occurrence of substance
use and mental health problems. The report focuses
on trends between 2007 and 2008 and from 2002 to
2008, as well as differences across population subgroups
in 2008.
• Serious mental illness
(SMI) among adults is defined in Public Law 102-321
as persons aged 18 or older who currently or at
any time in the past year have had a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder (excluding
developmental and substance use disorders) of sufficient
duration to meet diagnostic criteria specified within
DSM-IV that has resulted in functional impairment,
which substantially interferes with or limits one
or more major life activities. In 2008, there were
an estimated 9.8 million adults with SMI, representing
4.4 percent of adults.
• Rates
of SMI in 2008 were highest for adults aged 18 to
25 (7.4 percent) and lowest for adults aged 50 or
older (2.3 percent).
• The prevalence
of SMI among women aged 18 or older (5.6 percent)
was higher than that among men in that age group
(3.0 percent).
• The rate of
SMI was higher among adults who were unemployed
(8.0 percent) than among those who were employed
full time (3.5 percent) or part time (4.8 percent).
• SMI in the past year was associated
with past year substance dependence or abuse. Among
adults aged 18 or older with SMI in 2008, 25.2 percent
(2.5 million) were dependent on or abused illicit
drugs or alcohol. The rate among adults without
SMI was 8.3 percent (17.9 million).
• Among the 9.8 million adults with SMI in
2008, 5.7 million (58.7 percent) used mental health
services in the past year. Among all adults with
SMI, 52.6 percent received a prescription medication,
40.5 percent received outpatient services, and 7.5
percent received inpatient services for a mental
health problem in the past year.
•
Among the 2.5 million adults with both SMI and substance
dependence or abuse (i.e., a substance use disorder)
in 2008, more than half (60.5 percent) received
mental health care or substance use treatment at
a specialty facility; 11.4 percent received both
mental health care and specialty substance use treatment,
45.2 percent received only mental health care, and
3.7 percent received only specialty substance use
treatment.
• In 2008, an estimated
8.3 million adults (3.7 percent) had serious thoughts
of suicide in the past year. The rate was 3.9 percent
among women and 3.4 percent among men. The rate
was highest among young adults aged 18 to 25 (6.7
percent) compared with adults 26 to 49 (3.9 percent)
and adults aged 50 or older (2.3 percent).
• Among adults aged 18 or older in
2008, 2.3 million (1.0 percent) made suicide plans
in the past year, and 1.1 million (0.5 percent)
reported attempting suicide. A half million adults
reported staying overnight in a hospital as a result
of their suicide attempt in the past year.
• In 2008, 6.4 percent of persons aged
18 or older (14.3 million persons) had at least
one major depressive episode (MDE) in the past year.
Over 1 in 25 adults (4.2 percent or 9.5 million
persons) had past year MDE with severe impairment.
• In 2008, adults with past year MDE
were more likely than those without MDE to be dependent
on or abuse illicit drugs or alcohol (20.3 vs. 7.8
percent).
• Among adults aged
18 or older who had MDE in the past year in 2008,
71.0 percent received treatment (i.e., saw or talked
to a medical doctor or other professional or used
prescription medication) for depression in the same
time period.
• Among adults aged
18 or older with MDE in the past year in 2008, women
were more likely than men to receive treatment for
depression in the past year (74.2 vs. 65.0 percent).
• In 2008, there were 2.0 million youths
(8.3 percent of the population aged 12 to 17) who
had MDE during the past year. An estimated 1.5 million
(6.0 percent) had MDE with severe impairment in
one or more role domains (chores at home; school
or work; close relationships with family; or social
life).
• The rate of MDE in the
past year was higher for adolescent females (12.4
percent) than for adolescent males (4.3 percent).
The prevalence of MDE with severe impairment was
9.2 percent for females and 2.9 percent for males.
Data are presented for racial/ethnic groups based
on current guidelines for collecting and reporting
race and ethnicity data (Office of Management and
Budget [OMB], 1997). Because respondents were allowed
to choose more than one racial group, a "two
or more races" category is presented that includes
persons who reported more than one category among
the basic groups listed in the survey question (white,
black or African American, American Indian or Alaska
Native, Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islander,
Asian, Other). Respondents choosing both Native
Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander but no other
categories mentioned above are classified in the
combined "Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific
Islander" category instead of the "two
or more race" category. It should be noted
that, except for the "Hispanic or Latino"
group, the racial/ethnic groups discussed in this
report include only non-Hispanics. The category
"Hispanic or Latino" includes Hispanics
of any race.
Data also are presented for four U.S. geographic
regions and nine geographic divisions within these
regions. These regions and divisions, defined by
the U.S. Census Bureau, consist of the following
groups of States:
Northeast
Region - New England Division:
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, Vermont; Middle Atlantic Division:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania.
Midwest Region - East North
Central Division: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio,
Wisconsin; West North Central Division: Iowa, Kansas,
Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South
Dakota.
South Region - South Atlantic
Division: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Virginia, West Virginia; East South Central Division:
Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee; West
South Central Division: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma,
Texas.
West Region - Mountain Division: Arizona,
Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah,
Wyoming; Pacific Division: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, Washington.
Source:
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
(2009). Results from the 2008 National Survey on
Drug Use and Health: National Findings (Office of
Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-36, HHS Publication
No. SMA 09-4434). Rockville, MD.
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